Where does “firman” come from?

firman (Classical Malay) comes from Persian فرمان, from Middle Persian plmʾn', from Old Persian 𐎳𐎼𐎶𐎠𐎴𐎠, from Proto-Indo-Iranian pramaHnam, from Proto-Indo-European *meh₁nom, from Proto-Indo-European meh₁- — to measure.

Ancestry of “firman”, step by step

firman traces back through two separate lines of ancestry.

via Persian فرمان

StepLanguageWordMeaning
1Persianفرمانcommand, order; decree, edict; steering wheel
2Middle Persianplmʾn'order, command
3Old Persian𐎳𐎼𐎶𐎠𐎴𐎠command
4Proto-Indo-IranianpramaHnam—
5Proto-Indo-European*meh₁nom—
6Proto-Indo-Europeanmeh₁-to measure

via Classical Persian فرمان

StepLanguageWordMeaning
1Classical Persianفرمان—
2Middle Persian𐫜𐫡𐫖𐫀𐫗—

Words derived from “firman”

Every word from Proto-Indo-European meh₁- →Every word from Proto-Indo-European *meh₁nom →Every word from Proto-Indo-Iranian pramaHnam →