Where does “spioneren” come from?
spioneren (Dutch) comes from French espionner, from French espion, from Middle French espion, from Old French espion, from Frankish *spehō, from Frankish spehōn, from Proto-Germanic spehōną, from Proto-Indo-European speḱ- — to see, to look, to observe.
spioneren (Dutch): to spy, to perform espionage
Definitions
- to spy, to perform espionage
Ancestry of “spioneren”, step by step
| Step | Language | Word | Meaning |
|---|
| 1 | French | espionner | to spy |
| 2 | French | espion | spy |
| 3 | Middle French | espion | — |
| 4 | Old French | espion | spy |
| 5 | Frankish | *spehō | — |
| 6 | Frankish | spehōn | to spy, watch; to peer, to look, to spy |
| 7 | Proto-Germanic | spehōną | to peer, look, spy |
| 8 | Proto-Indo-European | speḱ- | to see, to look, to observe |
Words derived from “spioneren”