| 1 | Sanskrit | उपनिषद् | sitting at the foot of a teacher to receive... |
| 2 | Sanskrit | उप- | towards; near, with; under, below |
| 3 | Proto-Indo-Aryan | upa- | — |
| 4 | Proto-Indo-Iranian | upa- | towards |
| 5 | Proto-Indo-European | upo | under, up from under; up from under, over; up,... |