| 1 | Middle English | adjuren | — |
| 2 | Latin | adiuro | I swear to, confirm by an oath; swear in addition... |
| 3 | Latin | iuro | I swear an oath; I vow |
| 4 | Latin | ius | law, right; subjective right, individual right;... |
| 5 | Proto-Italic | jowos | oath; law |
| 6 | Proto-Indo-European | h₂yéw-os | — |
| 7 | Proto-Indo-European | h₂yew- | straight, upright, right; right, justice, law |
| 8 | Proto-Indo-European | h₂óyu | long time, lifetime |
| 9 | Proto-Indo-European | h₂ey- | vital force, life, age, eternity; day, morning |