Where does “cordoba” come from?

Córdoba comes from Latin Corduba, which may derive from Phoenician, though the ultimate origin remains uncertain.

Ancestry of “cordoba”, step by step

Step	Language	Word	Meaning
1	Spanish	córdoba	córdoba
2	Arabic	قُرْطُبَة	—
3	Latin	Corduba	Córdoba
4	Phoenician	𐤒𐤓𐤕𐤉𐤅𐤁𐤏𐤉	—