Where does “force” come from?

force (English) comes from Middle English force, from Old French force, from Latin fortia, from Latin fortis, from Old Latin forctis, from Proto-Italic forktis, from Proto-Indo-European bʰerǵʰ- — to rise; high, lofty; hill, mountain.

force (English): Strength or energy of body or mind; active power;...

Definitions

  1. Strength or energy of body or mind; active power;...

Ancestry of “force”, step by step

force traces back through 3 separate lines of ancestry.

via Middle English force

StepLanguageWordMeaning
1Middle Englishforce—
2Old Frenchforcestrength; might
3Latinfortianominative neuter plural of fortis; accusative...
4Latinfortisstrong, powerful; firm, resolute, steadfast,...
5Old Latinforctisstrong
6Proto-Italicforktisstrong, robust
7Proto-Indo-Europeanbʰerǵʰ-to rise; high, lofty; hill, mountain

via Middle English forse

StepLanguageWordMeaning
1Middle EnglishforseAlternative form of firse

via Middle English fors

StepLanguageWordMeaning
1Middle Englishfors—

Words derived from “force”

Every word from Proto-Indo-European bʰerǵʰ- →Every word from Proto-Italic forktis →Every word from Old Latin forctis →