Where does “judge” come from?

Judge comes from Middle English jugen, from Old French jugier, from Latin iudico, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European deyḱ- meaning to point or show.

judge (English): A public official whose duty it is to administer...

Definitions

judge traces back through two separate lines of ancestry.

Step	Language	Word	Meaning
1	French	juger	To judge, to try; To judge, to deem
2	Old French	juger	—
3	Latin	iūdicō	to examine judicially, judge, pass judgement, decide; condemn
4	Latin	iūdex	judge
5	Latin	iūs	law, right
6	Latin	dīcō	to say, talk, speak, utter, mention
7	Latin	-tiō	tion, -ation, -ing
8	Latin	dissertātiō	(spoken) dissertation, discourse, disquisition
9	Latin	dissertus	arranged, disposed; explained
10	Latin	disserere	second-person singular future passive indicative...
11	Latin	dis-	asunder, apart, in two; reversal, removal;...
12	Latin	calceus	shoe
13	Latin	calx	limestone; chalk; the finish line
14	Ancient Greek	χάλιξ	small stone, pebble; gravel, rubble

Step	Language	Word	Meaning
1	Middle English	jugen	to judge
2	Anglo-Norman	juger	—
3	Old French	jugier	to judge
4	Latin	iūdicāre	—