Etymology Explorer › English

Where does “reference” come from?

Reference comes from Middle French référence, from Medieval Latin referentia, from the Latin present participle referens of referre, meaning "to carry back," from re- plus the root bʰer- meaning "to carry."

reference (English): A relationship or relation; A measurement one can...

Definitions

  1. A relationship or relation; A measurement one can...

Ancestry of “reference”, step by step

StepLanguageWordMeaning
1Middle Frenchréférence—
2Medieval Latinreferentianominative neuter plural of referēns; accusative...
3Latinreferēns—
4Latinreferō—
5Latinrĕ-—
6Latinprōdūcō—
7Latinprō-—
8Proto-Italic*pro-—
9Proto-Indo-Europeanpro-toward, forward
10Proto-Indo-Europeanpor-to give birth; forward, through; going, passage
11Proto-Indo-Europeanper-before, in front; first; to go through
12Proto-Indo-Europeanpr̥tóspassed , crossed

Words derived from “reference”

  • referential
  • referentiality
  • referentially
  • coreference
  • coreferential
  • dereference
  • nonreferential
  • coreferentiality
  • georeference
  • multireference
  • nonreference
  • backreference
  • referenceable
  • multireferential
  • autoreferential
  • nonreferentially
  • nonreferentiality
  • referenceless
  • pseudoreference
  • autoreference
  • interreference
  • interreferential
  • metareference
  • irreferential
Every word from Proto-Indo-European pr̥tós →