Where does “thwartest” come from?
thwartest (English) comes from English thwart, from Middle English þwerte, from Old Norse þvert, from Old Norse þverr, from Proto-Germanic þwerhaz, from Proto-Germanic þerh-, from Proto-Indo-European terkʷ- — to turn, spin.
Ancestry of “thwartest”, step by step
thwartest traces back through two separate lines of ancestry.
via English thwart
| Step | Language | Word | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | English | thwart | Placed or situated across something else; cross,... |
| 2 | Middle English | þwerte | — |
| 3 | Old Norse | þvert | across, athwart |
| 4 | Old Norse | þverr | athwart, transverse; adverse, contrary; cross,... |
| 5 | Proto-Germanic | þwerhaz | cross, adverse |
| 6 | Proto-Germanic | þerh- | — |
| 7 | Proto-Indo-European | terkʷ- | to turn, spin |
via English Est
| Step | Language | Word | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | English | Est | established |
| 2 | Middle English | este | grace, est, favour; pleasure, enjoyment, fun;... |
| 3 | Old English | ēst | will, consent, favour, grace, liberality,... |
| 4 | Proto-West Germanic | *ansti | favour |
| 5 | Proto-Germanic | anstiz | favour, affection |
| 6 | Proto-Germanic | unnaną | to grant, bestow |
| 7 | Proto-Indo-European | ān- | to notice; face, mouth |