Where does “तुम” come from?

तुम (Hindi) comes from Sauraseni Apabhramsa तुम्हि, from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀢𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂, from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀢𑀼𑀨𑁂, from Sanskrit युष्मद् — the base of the second-person pronoun.

तुम (Hindi): you, ye

Definitions

  1. you, ye

Ancestry of “तुम”, step by step

StepLanguageWordMeaning
1Sauraseni Apabhramsaतुम्हि—
2Sauraseni Prakrit𑀢𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂you all; second-person plural personal pronoun
3Ashokan Prakrit𑀢𑀼𑀨𑁂you all; second-person plural personal pronoun
4Sanskritयुष्मद्the base of the second-person pronoun
Every word from Sanskrit युष्मद् →Every word from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀢𑀼𑀨𑁂 →Every word from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀢𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 →