Where does “memperbedakan” come from?
memperbedakan (Indonesian) comes from Indonesian beda, from Hindi बद, from Persian بد, from Middle Persian 𐭯𐭥𐭭, from Proto-Iranian pati-, from Proto-Iranian *rādi-, from Proto-Iranian *rād-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian HraHdʰ- — to fit, to fix, to put together.
Ancestry of “memperbedakan”, step by step
memperbedakan traces back through two separate lines of ancestry.
via Indonesian beda
| Step | Language | Word | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Indonesian | beda | dissimilarity; difference |
| 2 | Hindi | बद | bad; evil, wicked; inauspicious |
| 3 | Persian | بد | bad; not good; evil; poorly, badly |
| 4 | Middle Persian | 𐭯𐭥𐭭 | to; at; in |
| 5 | Proto-Iranian | pati- | against, toward; lord |
| 6 | Proto-Iranian | *rādi- | — |
| 7 | Proto-Iranian | *rād- | — |
| 8 | Proto-Indo-Iranian | HraHdʰ- | — |
| 9 | Proto-Indo-European | Hreh₁dʰ- | to think; to arrange; to succeed, accomplish |
| 10 | Proto-Indo-European | h₂reh₁- | to think, reason; to arrange |
| 11 | Proto-Indo-European | h₂er- | to fit, to fix, to put together |
via Indonesian memper- -kan
| Step | Language | Word | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Indonesian | memper- -kan | — |
| 2 | Indonesian | meng- | agent focus, frequently but erroneously called... |
| 3 | Malay | meng- | agent focus, frequently but erroneously called... |
| 4 | Proto-Malayic | *mAN- | — |
| 5 | Proto-Malayo-Chamic | *maN- | — |
| 6 | Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan | *maN- | — |
| 7 | Proto-Malayo-Polynesian | *maN- | inflectional prefix marking actor voice |