Where does “utara” come from?
utara (Indonesian) comes from Malay utară, from Sanskrit उत्तर, from Proto-Indo-Iranian útˢtaras, from Proto-Indo-European údteros, from Proto-Indo-European úd — out, outward.
utara (Indonesian): north
Ancestry of “utara”, step by step
| Step | Language | Word | Meaning |
|---|
| 1 | Malay | utară | Obsolete spelling of utara |
| 2 | Sanskrit | उत्तर | upper, higher, superior; better; later,... |
| 3 | Proto-Indo-Iranian | útˢtaras | — |
| 4 | Proto-Indo-European | údteros | higher, outer |
| 5 | Proto-Indo-European | úd | out, outward |