Where does “-ard” come from?

-ard (Middle English) comes from Old French -ard, from Frankish -hard, from Proto-Germanic harduz, from Proto-Indo-European kert-, from Proto-Turkic *keŕ- — to travel, tour.

-ard (Middle English): ard

Definitions

  1. ard

Ancestry of “-ard”, step by step

StepLanguageWordMeaning
1Old French-ardpejorative agent noun
2Frankish-hardhardy, bold
3Proto-Germanicharduzhard; brave
4Proto-Indo-Europeankert-times; to weave, twist together; time
5Proto-Turkic*keŕ-to travel, tour

Words derived from “-ard”

Every word from Proto-Turkic *keŕ- →Every word from Proto-Indo-European kert- →Every word from Proto-Germanic harduz →