Where does “-est” come from?

-est (Middle English) comes from Old English -est, from Proto-Germanic -istaz, from Proto-Indo-European -istHos, from Proto-Indo-European -yōs, from Proto-Indo-European -yoss.

-est (Middle English): Used to form the second-person singular present...

Definitions

  1. Used to form the second-person singular present...

Ancestry of “-est”, step by step

StepLanguageWordMeaning
1Old English-estsuffix forming feminine nouns, originally from...
2Proto-Germanic-istaz-est
3Proto-Indo-European-istHos—
4Proto-Indo-European-yōsForms adjectives from roots, meaning "very" or...
5Proto-Indo-European-yoss—

Words derived from “-est”

Every word from Proto-Indo-European -yoss →Every word from Proto-Germanic -istaz →Every word from Proto-Indo-European -yōs →