Where does “astuned” come from?

astuned (Middle English) comes from Middle English astounen, from Old English āstunian, from Old English ā-, from Old English ar-, from Proto-West Germanic uʀ-, from Proto-Germanic uz-, from Proto-Indo-European uss-, from Proto-Indo-European uds- — out, outward.

Ancestry of “astuned”, step by step

astuned traces back through 3 separate lines of ancestry.

via Middle English astounen

StepLanguageWordMeaning
1Middle Englishastounento astound, stun, astonish
2Old Englishāstunian—
3Old Englishā-a-; away, out
4Old Englishar-—
5Proto-West Germanicuʀ-out, over; off, away
6Proto-Germanicuz-up, out
7Proto-Indo-Europeanuss-—
8Proto-Indo-Europeanuds-up, out
9Proto-Indo-Europeanúdout, outward

via Middle English astonen

StepLanguageWordMeaning
1Middle Englishastonento astonish
2Middle Englishastoned—
3Old Frenchestoné—
4Old Frenchestonerto stun, daze
5Latinēx-out, away
6Proto-Indo-Europeaneǵ-—

via Middle English astunen

StepLanguageWordMeaning
1Middle Englishastunento astonish
Every word from Proto-Indo-European úd →Every word from Proto-Indo-European uds- →Every word from Proto-Indo-European uss- →
astuned — Etymology, Origin & Word History | Etymology Explorer