Where does “biterli” come from?
biterli (Middle English) comes from Old English biterlīċe, from Old English -līċe, from Old English -e, from Old English -en, from Old Norse -inn, from Proto-Norse -īna-, from Proto-Germanic -īnaz, from Proto-Indo-European -iHnos — adjectival suffix.
Ancestry of “biterli”, step by step
biterli traces back through two separate lines of ancestry.
via Old English biterlīċe
| Step | Language | Word | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Old English | biterlīċe | bitterly |
| 2 | Old English | -līċe | ly (adverbial suffix) |
| 3 | Old English | -e | forming adverbs from adjectives; -ly |
| 4 | Old English | -en | mæġþ + API → mæġden; cocc + API → cycen, cicen;... |
| 5 | Old Norse | -inn | Used to create adjectives from nouns, meaning... |
| 6 | Proto-Norse | -īna- | — |
| 7 | Proto-Germanic | -īnaz | -en |
| 8 | Proto-Indo-European | -iHnos | Creates adjectives of materials |
| 9 | Proto-Indo-European | -no- | adjectival suffix |
via Old English bitterlīċe
| Step | Language | Word | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Old English | bitterlīċe | bitterly |