Where does “reffen” come from?

reffen (Middle High German) comes from Old High German hraffon, from Proto-West Germanic hrapōn, from Proto-Germanic hrapōną, from Proto-Indo-European (s)kreb(h)-, from Proto-Indo-European (s)ḱer- — dung, manure, filth; manure, dung, filth.

Ancestry of “reffen”, step by step

reffen traces back through two separate lines of ancestry.

via Old High German hraffon

StepLanguageWordMeaning
1Old High Germanhraffonto grasp, to snatch
2Proto-West Germanichrapōnto snatch
3Proto-Germanichrapōnąto scratch, scrape
4Proto-Indo-European(s)kreb(h)-
5Proto-Indo-European(s)ḱer-dung, manure, filth; manure, dung, filth

via Middle Low German ref

StepLanguageWordMeaning
1Middle Low Germanref
2Old Norserifrib, reef; reef
3Proto-Germanicribjąrib; reef, ridge
4Proto-Indo-Europeanh₁rebʰ-to cover, to roof; rib

Words derived from “reffen

Every word from Proto-Indo-European (s)ḱer-Every word from Proto-Indo-European (s)kreb(h)-Every word from Proto-Germanic hrapōną