Where does “earfoþhwil” come from?

earfoþhwil (Old English) comes from Old English earfoþe, from Proto-West Germanic arbaiþi, from Proto-Germanic arbaidiz, from Proto-Indo-European h₃órbʰos, from Proto-Indo-European h₃erbʰ- — to change allegiance, status, ownership;...

earfoþhwil (Old English): Hard time, period of hardship

Definitions

  1. Hard time, period of hardship

Ancestry of “earfoþhwil”, step by step

earfoþhwil traces back through two separate lines of ancestry.

via Old English earfoþe

StepLanguageWordMeaning
1Old Englishearfoþehard, difficult; work; labour; suffering;...
2Proto-West Germanicarbaiþihardship
3Proto-Germanicarbaidizlabour, work, toil; hardship, suffering
4Proto-Indo-Europeanh₃órbʰosorphan; servant, slave, worker
5Proto-Indo-Europeanh₃erbʰ-to change allegiance, status, ownership;...

via Old English hwīl

StepLanguageWordMeaning
1Old Englishhwīltime; while; while; time, while
2Proto-West Germanichwīluperiod of rest, pause; time, period of time,...
3Proto-Germanichwīlōtime, period of time, while; period of rest,...
4Proto-Indo-Europeankʷyeh₁-to rest; rest, peace
Every word from Proto-Indo-European h₃erbʰ- →Every word from Proto-Indo-European h₃órbʰos →Every word from Proto-Germanic arbaidiz →