Where does “mis-” come from?

mis- (Old English) comes from Proto-Germanic missa-, from Proto-Indo-European mitto, from Proto-Indo-European meyth₂- — to hurt; to exchange, remove; to replace, to...

mis- (Old English): bad, badly, wrong, wrongly; lack or failure

Definitions

  1. bad, badly, wrong, wrongly; lack or failure

Ancestry of “mis-”, step by step

mis- traces back through two separate lines of ancestry.

via Proto-Germanic missa-

StepLanguageWordMeaning
1Proto-Germanicmissa-mis-, badly, wrongly
2Proto-Indo-Europeanmittomutual, reciprocal
3Proto-Indo-Europeanmeyth₂-to hurt; to exchange, remove; to replace, to...

via Proto-West Germanic *missa-

StepLanguageWordMeaning
1Proto-West Germanic*missa-miss-, wrongly

Words derived from “mis-

Every word from Proto-Indo-European meyth₂-Every word from Proto-Indo-European mittoEvery word from Proto-Germanic missa-