Where does “Útgarðar” come from?

Útgarðar (Old Norse) comes from Old Norse garðr, from Proto-Germanic gardaz, from Proto-Indo-European gʰórdʰos, from Proto-Indo-European gʰerdʰ- — to enclose, to encircle; enclosure, fence, belt.

Ancestry of “Útgarðar”, step by step

Útgarðar traces back through two separate lines of ancestry.

via Old Norse garðr

StepLanguageWordMeaning
1Old Norsegarðra fence, wall; an enclosed space, yard; a...
2Proto-Germanicgardazenclosure; court, yard; garden
3Proto-Indo-Europeangʰórdʰoshedge, fence, enclosure; hedge, enclosure;...
4Proto-Indo-Europeangʰerdʰ-to enclose, to encircle; enclosure, fence, belt

via Old Norse út

StepLanguageWordMeaning
1Old Norseútout
2Proto-Germanicūtout, outward
3Proto-Indo-Europeanúdout, outward
Every word from Proto-Indo-European gʰerdʰ- →Every word from Proto-Indo-European gʰórdʰos →Every word from Proto-Germanic gardaz →