Where does “هم” come from?

هم (Ottoman Turkish) comes from Old Anatolian Turkish هَمْ, from Persian هم, from Middle Persian hm, from Old Persian 𐏃𐎶, from Proto-Iranian hamHás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian samHás, from Proto-Indo-European somHós, from Proto-Indo-European sem- — together, one.

هم (Ottoman Turkish): both... and

Definitions

  1. both... and

Ancestry of “هم”, step by step

هم traces back through two separate lines of ancestry.

via Old Anatolian Turkish هَمْ

StepLanguageWordMeaning
1Old Anatolian Turkishهَمْ—
2Persianهمalso, too; similarly
3Middle Persianhmsame, similar
4Old Persian𐏃𐎶same, together
5Proto-IranianhamHás—
6Proto-Indo-IraniansamHássame, equal
7Proto-Indo-EuropeansomHóssame, alike
8Proto-Indo-Europeansem-together, one

via Classical Persian هم

StepLanguageWordMeaning
1Classical Persianهم—
2Pahlavihm—

Words derived from “هم”

Every word from Proto-Indo-European sem- →Every word from Proto-Indo-European somHós →Every word from Proto-Indo-Iranian samHás →