Where does “stwardniały” come from?
stwardniały (Polish) comes from Polish stwardnieć, from Polish twardnieć, from Polish -ec, from Old Polish -ec, from Proto-Slavic -ьcь, from Lithuanian -ikas, from Proto-Indo-European -iḱos — -y, -ic.
stwardniały (Polish): hardened
Definitions
- hardened
Ancestry of “stwardniały”, step by step
| Step | Language | Word | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Polish | stwardnieć | to harden; to indurate; to become hard |
| 2 | Polish | twardnieć | to harden; to indurate; to become hard |
| 3 | Polish | -ec | A masculine suffix |
| 4 | Old Polish | -ec | forms nouns |
| 5 | Proto-Slavic | -ьcь | Forms diminutives from nouns; Forms nouns from... |
| 6 | Lithuanian | -ikas | — |
| 7 | Proto-Indo-European | -iḱos | -y, -ic |