Where does “целенаправленный” come from?
целенаправленный (Russian) comes from Russian цель, from Polish cel, from Old Polish cel, from Czech cíl, from Middle High German zil, from Old High German zil, from Proto-Germanic til, from Proto-Germanic tilą — to share, divide.
Ancestry of “целенаправленный”, step by step
| Step | Language | Word | Meaning |
|---|
| 1 | Russian | цель | goal, target, aim, end, object; purpose;... |
| 2 | Polish | cel | goal, aim, objective; target; destination |
| 3 | Old Polish | cel | — |
| 4 | Czech | cíl | goal, objective |
| 5 | Middle High German | zil | — |
| 6 | Old High German | zil | — |
| 7 | Proto-Germanic | til | to, towards; to, toward |
| 8 | Proto-Germanic | tilą | planned point in time |
| 9 | Proto-Indo-European | deh₂y- | to share, divide |
| 10 | Proto-Indo-European | deh₂- | to share, divide |
Words derived from “целенаправленный”