Where does “штрафова́ть” come from?
штрафова́ть (Russian) comes from Russian штраф, from German strāfe, from Middle High German strāfe, from Proto-Germanic *strēpōn.
штрафова́ть (Russian): to fine, to penalize
Definitions
- to fine, to penalize
Ancestry of “штрафова́ть”, step by step
штрафова́ть traces back through two separate lines of ancestry.
via Russian штраф
| Step | Language | Word | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Russian | штраф | fine, penalty, citation; Soviet army penal... |
| 2 | German | strāfe | punishment |
| 3 | Middle High German | strāfe | — |
| 4 | Proto-Germanic | *strēpōn | — |
via German strāfen
| Step | Language | Word | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | German | strāfen | to punish |
| 2 | Middle High German | strāfen | — |
| 3 | Proto-Germanic | strēpōną | — |
| 4 | Proto-Indo-European | (s)ter(h₁)- | to be stiff; be rigid; exert |