Where does “hårda bud” come from?
hårda bud (Swedish) comes from Swedish bud, from Swedish givare, from Swedish giva, from Old Swedish giva, from Old Norse gefa, from Proto-Germanic gebaną, from Proto-Indo-European gʰebʰ- — to give.
hårda bud (Swedish): tough measures, tough conditions
Definitions
- tough measures, tough conditions
Ancestry of “hårda bud”, step by step
hårda bud traces back through two separate lines of ancestry.
via Swedish bud
| Step | Language | Word | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Swedish | bud | a message (also budskap) |
| 2 | Swedish | givare | a giver; a giver, a donor; a sensor |
| 3 | Swedish | giva | a portion of fodder; the amount of fodder given... |
| 4 | Old Swedish | giva | to give |
| 5 | Old Norse | gefa | to give something; to give someone something |
| 6 | Proto-Germanic | gebaną | to give |
| 7 | Proto-Indo-European | gʰebʰ- | to give |
via Swedish hårda
| Step | Language | Word | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Swedish | hårda | harden, temper |