Where does “ఆర్యపుత్రుడు” come from?

ఆర్యపుత్రుడు (Telugu) comes from Sanskrit पुत्र, from Proto-Indo-Iranian putrás, from Proto-Indo-European peh₂w- — few, little; smallness.

ఆర్యపుత్రుడు (Telugu): husband

Definitions

ఆర్యపుత్రుడు traces back through two separate lines of ancestry.

Step	Language	Word	Meaning
1	Sanskrit	पुत्र	a son, child; a species of small venomous animal;...
2	Proto-Indo-Iranian	putrás	boy; son
3	Proto-Indo-European	peh₂w-	few, little; smallness

Step	Language	Word	Meaning
1	Sanskrit	आर्य	an Indo-Aryan, i.e. an Ārya, a self-designator of...
2	Pali	อริย	Thai script form of ariya