Where does “Ковальова” come from?

Ковальова (Ukrainian) comes from Ukrainian -ьова, from Ukrainian -а, from Proto-Slavic -ja, from Proto-Indo-European -yeh₂.

Ancestry of “Ковальова”, step by step

Step	Language	Word	Meaning
1	Ukrainian	-ьова	son, -s, suffix used in many female surnames
2	Ukrainian	-а	used to form feminine deverbal nouns denoting a result, process or an abstract concept
3	Proto-Slavic	-ja	Suffix creating feminine action nouns, usually...
4	Proto-Indo-European	-yeh₂	—