Where does “bên ngoài” come from?

bên ngoài (Vietnamese) comes from Vietnamese bền, from French benne, from Latin benna, from Gaulish benna, from Proto-Celtic *bendā, from Proto-Indo-European bʰendʰ- — to bind; bond.

bên ngoài (Vietnamese): the outside; the outer surface (of an object)

Definitions

the outside; the outer surface (of an object)

Ancestry of “bên ngoài”, step by step

bên ngoài traces back through two separate lines of ancestry.

via Vietnamese bền

Step	Language	Word	Meaning
1	Vietnamese	bền	durable; strong; solid; firm; long-lasting
2	French	benne	bin; barrow; dump truck
3	Latin	benna	kind of carriage
4	Gaulish	benna	carriage
5	Proto-Celtic	*bendā	—
6	Proto-Indo-European	bʰendʰ-	to bind; bond

via Vietnamese ngoài

Step	Language	Word	Meaning
1	Vietnamese	ngoài	outside, exterior; outside, out of; in, inside
2	Middle Chinese	外	—

Every word from Proto-Indo-European bʰendʰ- →