Where does “e ngại” come from?

e ngại (Vietnamese) comes from Vietnamese E, from Portuguese é, from Old Portuguese ser, from Latin sūm, from Proto-Italic ezom, from Proto-Indo-European h₁ésmi, from Proto-Indo-European h₁ēs- — to be.

e ngại (Vietnamese): to be afraid; to flinch; to worry; to hesitate

Definitions

  1. to be afraid; to flinch; to worry; to hesitate

Ancestry of “e ngại”, step by step

e ngại traces back through two separate lines of ancestry.

via Vietnamese E

StepLanguageWordMeaning
1VietnameseE—
2Portugueseée; that’s right; yes; yeah; erm; um
3Old Portugueseser—
4Latinsūmto be, exist
5Proto-Italicezomto be
6Proto-Indo-Europeanh₁ésmifirst-person singular present indicative of...
7Proto-Indo-Europeanh₁ēs-to be

via Vietnamese ngại

StepLanguageWordMeaning
1Vietnamesengạiworried, hesitant, fearful; to fear, to be afraid
2Chinese𠊎—
3Proto-Sino-TibetanŋaI
4Proto-Sino-Tibetanl/b-ŋafive
Every word from Proto-Indo-European h₁ēs- →