Where does “cyfarwyddwyr” come from?
cyfarwyddwyr (Welsh) comes from Welsh cyfarwyddo, from Welsh cyfarwydd, from Welsh cyf-, from Middle Welsh kyu-, from Proto-Brythonic köβ̃-, from Proto-Celtic kom-, from Proto-Indo-European ḱóm, from Proto-Indo-European ḱe — to bend; curve; arch; vault; to bow, bend, arch,...
Ancestry of “cyfarwyddwyr”, step by step
cyfarwyddwyr traces back through two separate lines of ancestry.
via Welsh cyfarwyddo
| Step | Language | Word | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Welsh | cyfarwyddo | to lead, to direct; to instruct, to advise; to... |
| 2 | Welsh | cyfarwydd | well-informed, acquainted, familiar; learned,... |
| 3 | Welsh | cyf- | together, co-, con-; equal, similar, equi-;... |
| 4 | Middle Welsh | kyu- | con-, with |
| 5 | Proto-Brythonic | köβ̃- | Prefix with associative meaning |
| 6 | Proto-Celtic | kom- | with, together |
| 7 | Proto-Indo-European | ḱóm | beside, near, by, with |
| 8 | Proto-Indo-European | ḱe | Deictic particle, here; Post-positional... |
| 9 | Middle English | kyt | — |
| 10 | German | kitt | putty certain kinds of cement used for fixing e.g. window panes |
| 11 | Old High German | kuti | — |
| 12 | Proto-West Germanic | kwidu | gum, resin |
| 13 | Proto-Germanic | kweduz | resin |
| 14 | Proto-Indo-European | gʷet- | resin, gum; to say, speak |
| 15 | Proto-Indo-European | gū- | to bend; curve; arch; vault; to bow, bend, arch,... |