Where does “penalty mark” come from?
penalty mark (English) comes from English penalty, from Middle French pénalité, from French pénal, from Latin poenalis, from Latin poenā, from Ancient Greek ποινή, from Proto-Hellenic kʷoinā́, from Proto-Indo-European kʷoynéh₂ — to pay; to avenge.
penalty mark (English): a small white spot, painted on the grass, twelve...
Definitions
- a small white spot, painted on the grass, twelve...
Ancestry of “penalty mark”, step by step
penalty mark traces back through two separate lines of ancestry.
via English penalty
| Step | Language | Word | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | English | penalty | A legal sentence; A punishment for violating... |
| 2 | Middle French | pénalité | — |
| 3 | French | pénal | penal, criminal |
| 4 | Latin | poenalis | penal; of or pertaining to punishment |
| 5 | Latin | poenā | penalty, punishment |
| 6 | Ancient Greek | ποινή | blood money, wergeld; fine, ransom, penalty,... |
| 7 | Proto-Hellenic | kʷoinā́ | — |
| 8 | Proto-Indo-European | kʷoynéh₂ | payment; punishment, vengeance |
| 9 | Proto-Indo-European | kʷey- | to pay; to avenge |
via English Mark
| Step | Language | Word | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | English | Mark | Abbreviation of Markarian |
| 2 | German | mark | mark any of various European monetary units |
| 3 | Latin | Mārcus | — |
| 4 | Latin | Martīnus | — |
| 5 | Latin | -īnus | of or pertaining to; -ine |
| 6 | Proto-Italic | -īnos | of/belonging to |
| 7 | Proto-Indo-European | -iHnos | Creates adjectives of materials |
| 8 | Proto-Indo-European | -no- | adjectival suffix |