Where does “shock” come from?
shock (English) comes from French choquer, from German schockieren, from Spanish chocar, from Portuguese chocar, from Russian шоки́ровать, from Russian -и́ровать, from German -ieren, from French -er — he, she.
shock (English): A sudden, heavy impact; A discontinuity arising...
Definitions
- A sudden, heavy impact; A discontinuity arising...
Ancestry of “shock”, step by step
shock traces back through 3 separate lines of ancestry.
via French choquer
| Step | Language | Word | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | French | choquer | to hit, to collide; to shock |
| 2 | German | schockieren | to shock |
| 3 | Spanish | chocar | to crash; to bump into, to collide with; to... |
| 4 | Portuguese | chocar | to brood; to hatch; to linger |
| 5 | Russian | шоки́ровать | to horrify, to scandalize, to shock |
| 6 | Russian | -и́ровать | a productive verbal suffix, also used to create new verbs, especially from loanwords |
| 7 | German | -ieren | Verb suffix: it and its inflected forms are found... |
| 8 | French | -er | Forms infinitives of first-conjugation verbs |
| 9 | English | -er | A person or thing that does an action indicated... |
| 10 | Middle English | -er | agentive suffix; agent noun suffix |
| 11 | Old French | -er | Alternative form of -ier, verbal suffix;... |
| 12 | Latin | -āre | first conjugation |
| 13 | Proto-Italic | -āō | Forms primarily denominative verbs |
| 14 | Proto-Indo-European | -eh₂yéti | Creates iterative/ frequentative/ intensive... |
| 15 | Proto-Indo-European | -yéti | Creates intransitive, often deponent,... |
| 16 | Proto-Indo-European | yé- | — |
| 17 | Chichewa | iye | he, she |
via Dutch schokken
| Step | Language | Word | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Dutch | schokken | To shake, shiver; To shock physically; To shock,... |
| 2 | Old Dutch | skokkan | to shake up and down, shog |
| 3 | Proto-Germanic | skukkaną | to move, shake, tremble |
via Middle Dutch schokken
| Step | Language | Word | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Middle Dutch | schokken | to push, jolt; to push, jolt, shake, jerk |