| 1 | Middle English | schoggen | to shake; shake off; tremble; to shake up and... |
| 2 | Middle Dutch | schocken | to jolt, bounce |
| 3 | English | shock | A sudden, heavy impact; A discontinuity arising... |
| 4 | French | choquer | to hit, to collide; to shock |
| 5 | German | schockieren | — |
| 6 | Spanish | chocar | to crash; to bump into, to collide with; to... |
| 7 | Portuguese | chocar | to brood; to hatch; to linger |
| 8 | Russian | шоки́ровать | — |
| 9 | Russian | -и́ровать | — |
| 10 | German | -ieren | Verb suffix: it and its inflected forms are found... |
| 11 | French | -er | Forms infinitives of first-conjugation verbs |
| 12 | English | -er | A person or thing that does an action indicated... |
| 13 | Middle English | -er | agentive suffix; agent noun suffix |
| 14 | Old French | -er | Alternative form of -ier, verbal suffix;... |
| 15 | Latin | -āre | — |
| 16 | Proto-Italic | -āō | Forms primarily denominative verbs |
| 17 | Proto-Indo-European | -eh₂yéti | Creates iterative/ frequentative/ intensive... |
| 18 | Proto-Indo-European | -yéti | Creates intransitive, often deponent,... |