Where does “pener” come from?
pener (Old French) comes from Old French peine, from Latin poenā, from Ancient Greek ποινή, from Proto-Hellenic kʷoinā́, from Proto-Indo-European kʷoynéh₂, from Proto-Indo-European kʷey- — to pay; to avenge.
pener (Old French): to torture; to torment; to make en effort; to try
Definitions
- to torture; to torment; to make en effort; to try
Ancestry of “pener”, step by step
pener traces back through two separate lines of ancestry.
via Old French peine
| Step | Language | Word | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Old French | peine | pain; suffering |
| 2 | Latin | poenā | penalty, punishment |
| 3 | Ancient Greek | ποινή | blood money, wergeld; fine, ransom, penalty,... |
| 4 | Proto-Hellenic | kʷoinā́ | — |
| 5 | Proto-Indo-European | kʷoynéh₂ | payment; punishment, vengeance |
| 6 | Proto-Indo-European | kʷey- | to pay; to avenge |
via Old French er
| Step | Language | Word | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Old French | er | — |