Where does “كوفته” come from?

كوفته (Ottoman Turkish) comes from Persian کوفته, from Persian کوفتن, from Middle Persian ????? — beat, pound, crush.

Ancestry of “كوفته”, step by step

Step	Language	Word	Meaning
1	Persian	کوفته	beaten; ground; shattered
2	Persian	کوفتن	to break, bruise, knock, strike, smite, beat,...
3	Middle Persian	?????	beat, pound, crush

كوفته — Etymology, Origin & Word History | Etymology Explorer