Where does “hartować” come from?
hartować (Polish) comes from German härten, from German hart, from Middle High German Hart, from Old High German hart, from Proto-West Germanic hard(ī), from Proto-Germanic harduz, from Proto-Indo-European kert-, from Proto-Turkic *keŕ- — to travel, tour.
hartować (Polish): to harden, to indurate, to inure, to toughen
Definitions
- to harden, to indurate, to inure, to toughen
Ancestry of “hartować”, step by step
| Step | Language | Word | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | German | härten | to solidify, harden, become hard; to set, harden,... |
| 2 | German | hart | hard; severe, harsh; sharply, roughly, severely |
| 3 | Middle High German | Hart | hill forest |
| 4 | Old High German | hart | hard |
| 5 | Proto-West Germanic | hard(ī) | hard |
| 6 | Proto-Germanic | harduz | hard; brave |
| 7 | Proto-Indo-European | kert- | times; to weave, twist together; time |
| 8 | Proto-Turkic | *keŕ- | to travel, tour |