Where does “penalny” come from?

penalny (Polish) comes from Latin poenalis, from Latin poenā, from Ancient Greek ποινή, from Proto-Hellenic kʷoinā́, from Proto-Indo-European kʷoynéh₂, from Proto-Indo-European kʷey- — to pay; to avenge.

penalny (Polish): criminal, penal

Definitions

criminal, penal

Ancestry of “penalny”, step by step

Step	Language	Word	Meaning
1	Latin	poenalis	penal; of or pertaining to punishment
2	Latin	poenā	penalty, punishment
3	Ancient Greek	ποινή	blood money, wergeld; fine, ransom, penalty,...
4	Proto-Hellenic	kʷoinā́	—
5	Proto-Indo-European	kʷoynéh₂	payment; punishment, vengeance
6	Proto-Indo-European	kʷey-	to pay; to avenge

Every word from Proto-Indo-European kʷey- →