Where does “empedernir” come from?
empedernir (Portuguese) comes from Portuguese en-, from Old Portuguese en-, from Latin in-, from Latin in, from Old Latin en, from Proto-Italic en, from Proto-Indo-European h₁én — in.
empedernir (Portuguese): to make rock hard
Ancestry of “empedernir”, step by step
| Step | Language | Word | Meaning |
|---|
| 1 | Portuguese | en- | en- |
| 2 | Old Portuguese | en- | in- |
| 3 | Latin | in- | un-, non-, not; in, within, inside |
| 4 | Latin | in | in, at, on, upon, from; within, while in; into,... |
| 5 | Old Latin | en | in |
| 6 | Proto-Italic | en | in |
| 7 | Proto-Indo-European | h₁én | in |