Where does “Novgorod” come from?

Novgorod (Swedish) comes from Russian Но́вгород, from Old East Slavic Новъгородъ, from Old East Slavic городъ, from Proto-Slavic gȏrdъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic gardas, from Proto-Indo-European gʰerdʰ- — to enclose, to encircle; enclosure, fence, belt.

Ancestry of “Novgorod”, step by step

StepLanguageWordMeaning
1RussianНо́вгородNewtown
2Old East SlavicНовъгородъNovgorod
3Old East Slavicгородъfortification, castle
4Proto-Slavicgȏrdъfortified settlement
5Proto-Balto-Slavicgardasenclosure
6Proto-Indo-Europeangʰerdʰ-to enclose, to encircle; enclosure, fence, belt

Words derived from “Novgorod

Every word from Proto-Indo-European gʰerdʰ-Every word from Proto-Balto-Slavic gardasEvery word from Proto-Slavic gȏrdъ
Novgorod — Etymology, Origin & Word History | Etymology Explorer