Where does “punish” come from?

Punish comes from Middle English punischen, from Old French punir, from Latin punīre meaning to cause pain or suffering.

punish (English): To cause to suffer for crime or misconduct, to...

Definitions

  1. To cause to suffer for crime or misconduct, to...

Ancestry of “punish”, step by step

StepLanguageWordMeaning
1Middle Englishpunischen
2Old Frenchpuniss-
3Old Frenchpunirto punish
4Latinpuniōto punish
5Latinpoenāpenalty, punishment
6Ancient Greekποινήblood money, wergeld; fine, ransom, penalty,...
7Proto-Hellenickʷoinā́
8Proto-Indo-Europeankʷoynéh₂payment; punishment, vengeance
9Proto-Indo-Europeankʷey-to pay; to avenge

Words derived from “punish

Every word from Proto-Indo-European kʷey-
punish — Etymology, Origin & Word History | Etymology Explorer