Where does “penoso” come from?

penoso (Italian) comes from Italian pena, from Latin poenā, from Ancient Greek ποινή, from Proto-Hellenic kʷoinā́, from Proto-Indo-European kʷoynéh₂, from Proto-Indo-European kʷey- — to pay; to avenge.

penoso (Italian): pathetic, pitiful; painful; anxious

Definitions

pathetic, pitiful; painful; anxious

Ancestry of “penoso”, step by step

Step	Language	Word	Meaning
1	Italian	pena	sorrow; trouble; worry, anxiety
2	Latin	poenā	penalty, punishment
3	Ancient Greek	ποινή	blood money, wergeld; fine, ransom, penalty,...
4	Proto-Hellenic	kʷoinā́	—
5	Proto-Indo-European	kʷoynéh₂	payment; punishment, vengeance
6	Proto-Indo-European	kʷey-	to pay; to avenge

Words derived from “penoso”

penosamente
penosità
penosissimo

Every word from Proto-Indo-European kʷey- →Every word from Proto-Indo-European kʷoynéh₂ →Every word from Proto-Hellenic kʷoinā́ →