Where does “подтвержда́ть” come from?
подтвержда́ть (Russian) comes from Russian подтверди́ть, from Russian твёрдый, from Old East Slavic твьрдъ, from Proto-Slavic tvьrdъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *twírˀtas, from Proto-Indo-European twerH- — to enclose, fence in; to grab, seize; to stir.
Ancestry of “подтвержда́ть”, step by step
| Step | Language | Word | Meaning |
|---|
| 1 | Russian | подтверди́ть | — |
| 2 | Russian | твёрдый | hard, solid; firm; steadfast, steady |
| 3 | Old East Slavic | твьрдъ | — |
| 4 | Proto-Slavic | tvьrdъ | hard, firm, solid |
| 5 | Proto-Balto-Slavic | *twírˀtas | — |
| 6 | Proto-Indo-European | twerH- | to enclose, fence in; to grab, seize; to stir |
Words derived from “подтвержда́ть”