Where does “твёрдый” come from?

твёрдый (Russian) comes from Old East Slavic твьрдъ, from Proto-Slavic tvьrdъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *twírˀtas, from Proto-Indo-European twerH- — to enclose, fence in; to grab, seize; to stir.

твёрдый (Russian): hard, solid; firm; steadfast, steady

Definitions

  1. hard, solid; firm; steadfast, steady

Ancestry of “твёрдый”, step by step

StepLanguageWordMeaning
1Old East Slavicтвьрдъ—
2Proto-Slavictvьrdъhard, firm, solid
3Proto-Balto-Slavic*twírˀtashard, firm, solid
4Proto-Indo-EuropeantwerH-to enclose, fence in; to grab, seize; to stir

Words derived from “твёрдый”

Every word from Proto-Indo-European twerH- →Every word from Proto-Balto-Slavic *twírˀtas →Every word from Proto-Slavic tvьrdъ →