Where does “sċeal” come from?
sċeal (Old English) comes from Proto-West Germanic skulan, from Proto-Germanic skulaną, from Proto-Indo-European sḱel-, from Proto-Indo-European ḱelh₁- — to warm up, to be hot; to warm up, be hot.
Ancestry of “sċeal”, step by step
| Step | Language | Word | Meaning |
|---|
| 1 | Proto-West Germanic | skulan | to owe, to be obliged |
| 2 | Proto-Germanic | skulaną | to owe; to be obliged to, have to; shall, will,... |
| 3 | Proto-Indo-European | sḱel- | — |
| 4 | Proto-Indo-European | ḱelh₁- | to warm up, to be hot; to warm up, be hot |
Words derived from “sċeal”